Linguistic aspects of the development of derivative suffixing in English

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1968 R45Master of Art

Review of \u3cem\u3eSmall Group Research: A Handbook.\u3c/em\u3e A. Paul Hare, Herbert H. Blumberg, Martin F. Davies and Valerie Kent. Reviewed by Kenneth E. Reid, Western Michigan University.

A. Paul Hare, Herbert H. Blumberg, Martin F. Davies, and M. Valerie Kent. Small Group Research: A Handbook. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corp., 1994. $89.50 hardcover$42.50 papercover

Mass Spectrometry of Some Organic Compounds

The thesis discusses the aspects of mass spectrometry related to organic chemistry. It is primarily concerned with involatile substances which cannot be studied by conventional mass spectrometry. Chapter I is a brief introduction and deals with the development of mass spectrometry from the early positive beam studies to its use in organic analysis. A study of furan (Chapter IIA) and benzfuran (Chapter IIB) systems is then discussed in an attempt to predict fragmentation patterns of the furan ring system in simple and complex structures. The cracking pattern of simple furans is considered along with the mass spectra obtained from some naturally occurring compounds, such as marrubiin and Columbia, which contain a substituted furan ring. Many of these natural products are involatile substances and a direct inlet system is used to obtain results. Some conclusions are drawn with reference to the identification of the furan system in a molecular structure and tentative structures are proposed for some of the abundant ions produced by electron impact. Chapter III is devoted to a series of naturally occurring tetracyclic antibiotics (the pyrromycinones and rhodomycinones) which include a polyhydroxyanthraquinone system in their structure. Correlation studies of the series of mass spectra obtained have been found useful in attempts to postulate structures for some related compounds which have been studied unsuccessfully by classical organic chemists. No worker has yet been able to predict the detailed stereochemical relationships in a compound from mass spectral data alone. Chapter IV discusses the limitations of mass spectrometry in this respect and demonstrates the use of the mass spectrometer to decide the overall "crowding" in a molecule. The chapter comments on the columbin-iso-columbin isomerism, the stereochemistry of rhodomycinone and its isomer and the positional isomerism which occurs in the chlorogriseophenones. Unsatisfactory results are usually obtained from compounds which are thermally unstable or which have a highly branched structure. However, although part of the cracking pattern obtained from derivatives of malonic acid may arise by thermal decomposition, it has been found possible to determine the molecular weight of such compounds by use of ions occurring at one mass unit greater than the parent ion. Correlation of the mass spectra of these compounds is again useful in determining structural features of some compounds which contain one or more quaternary centres

Analysis of English adjectives in a Montague grammar

This thesis explores the analysis of English adjectives and adjectivals, in particular those which are properly translated as one-place predicates. The intent is both to review earlier analyses and to expand the fragment of English which is-accounted for in a Montague grammar. The presentation is in three parts. The first, comprising Chapters 1 to 4, explains and defends, the analysis of some adjectives as predicates of individuals. Much of. the discussion is devoted to measure adjectives like big and tall and evaluative adjectives like good and skillful. The second part, comprising Chapters 5 and 6, introduces adjectives and other categories at, proposition level; these include modal adjectives like necessary and possible and ' parenthetical. adjectives like odd and strange. Finally, Chapter 7 presents rules, and definitions to account for predicative adjectives and other categories at property level; notably Tough adjectives and 'human propensity adjectives' like wise and stupid. A number of other adjective classes and related phenomena are treated in the course of the discussion, including passive participles, present participles and adjectives taking various complements. A generalised theory and formalisation of non-restrictive modification is also provided

Metaheuristics For Solving Real World Employee Rostering and Shift Scheduling Problems

Optimising resources and making considerate decisions are central concerns in any responsible organisation aiming to succeed in efficiently achieving their goals. Careful use of resources can have positive outcomes in the form of fiscal savings, improved service levels, better quality products, improved awareness of diminishing returns and general output efficiency, regardless of field. Operational research techniques are advanced analytical tools used to improve managerial decision-making. There have been a variety of case studies where operational research techniques have been successfully applied to save millions of pounds. Operational research techniques have been successfully applied to a multitude of fields, including agriculture, policing, defence, conservation, air traffic control, and many more. In particular, management of resources in the form of employees is a challenging problem --- but one with the potential for huge improvements in efficiency. The problem this thesis tackles can be divided into two sub-problems; the personalised shift scheduling & employee rostering problem, and the roster pattern problem. The personalised shift scheduling & employee rostering problem involves the direct scheduling of employees to hours and days of week. This allows the creation of schedules which are tailored to individuals and allows a fine level over control over the results, but with at the cost of a large and challenging search space. The roster pattern problem instead takes existing patterns employees currently work, and uses these as a pool of potential schedules to be used. This reduces the search space but minimises the number of changes to existing employee schedules, which is preferable for personnel satisfaction. Existing research has shown that a variety of algorithms suit different problems and hybrid methods are found to typically outperform standalone ones in real-world contexts. Several algorithmic approaches for solving variations of the employee scheduling problem are considered in this thesis. Initially a VNS approach was used with a Metropolis-Hastings acceptance criterion. The second approach utilises ER&SR controlled by the EMCAC, which has only been used in the field of exam timetabling, and has not before been used within the domain of employee scheduling and rostering. ER&SR was then hybridised with our initial approach, producing ER&SR with VNS. Finally, ER&SR was hybridised into a matheuristic with Integer Programming and compared to the hybrid's individual components. A contribution of this thesis is evidence that the algorithm ER&SR has merit outside of the original sub-field of exam scheduling, and can be applied to shift scheduling and employee rostering. Further, ER&SR was hybridised and schedules produced by the hybridisations were found to be of higher quality than the standalone algorithm. In the literature review it was found that hybrid algorithms have become more popular in real-world problems in recent years, and this body of work has explored and continued this trend. Problem formulations in this thesis provide insight into creating constraints which satisfy the need for minimising employee dissatisfaction, particularly in regards to abrupt change. The research presented in this thesis has positively impacted a multinational and multibillion dollar field service operations company. This has been achieved by implementing a variety of techniques, including metaheuristics and a matheuristic, to schedule shifts and roster employees over a period of several months. This thesis showcases the research outputs by this project, and highlights the real-world impact of this research